I believe the procedural clouds in V-Ray Sun are likely an approximation and do not perform full ray-marching calculations.
However, we would like to have a way to control the brightness of the shaded areas of the clouds (i.e., scattering).
In other words, we would like a “fake” phase function control.
With Cryptomatte, it should not be possible to select only the clouds.
When you say “clouds,” do you mean the Sky Background, including the sky itself?
If that is the case, adjusting the background brightness would also change the brightness of the sky.
Also, what we want to adjust is only the shaded parts of the clouds (the shadowed areas).
We do not want to adjust the entire cloud brightness.
If we take the image above, we would like to allow selecting the white clouds in VFB, and then you could apply exposure control only on the selection, which obtains the clouds, not the gray background. In the exposure settings, you could change the shadows or dark tones only.
We have a plan for such a workflow.
Is it going to work for your use case? If yes, I can decline the idea. Otherwise, I will ask the devs whether a phase function is possible. But we definitely know that there is a demand for the “Mask” approach, and it is already kind of planned for research.