Thank you very much for your suggestions! it was in deed a smoothing group issue. The object was modelled in Max and now I tried some different smoothing group angles. In my opinion smoothing group angle 10 looks best.
If you were to apply the same shader to a cylinder there wouldnt be any problems. Can you not build a low poly version of that tube in max and then turbosmooth. You should be able to get very accurate results based on that cad model..you woulnt have any errors then.
Sorry, just read above you modelled in max. I think you need to concentrate on doing a low poly version that can be smoothed…its much easier doing it that way. A single cylinder with the holes and then apply a shell.